Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A ramp for wheelchairs is a crucial tool in helping your loved ones live at home independently. If they are not designed properly they could be dangerous to use.
ADA regulations require level landings at all changes in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide an accessible surface for wheelchair users.
Design
The ramp’s design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards so that wheelchairs are able to navigate the structure easily. For instance, the ramp’s slope must not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level upon any change in direction or shift in the ramp’s surface. It should also be constructed using treated lumber which is more durable than lumber that is not treated and is able to withstand rain better.
The sides and top of the ramp should be free of obstacles such as bushes, trees or other structures that can hinder the safe movement of the ramp’s user. Additionally the ramp’s surface must be smooth and non-slip. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be covered with an anti-slip surface.
For the frame of the ramp, use treated lumber that is at least 4 inches wide. To ensure the ramp is secured, construct posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend beyond the level of the ground. The posts should be connected with the ramp’s railings by using spindles. This type of connection decreases the chance of a ramp operator slipping off the side.
Next, build the ramp’s frame using joists that are at most 16 inches long and beams that measure 2 by 4 inches. The joists should be placed at least 18 inches above ground and secured using Joist hangings which are nails that fit inside the joists to prevent them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.
Include an upper landing in the doorway so that wheelchair users can easily navigate the doorswing. The landing should be wide enough to give at least 12-24 inches of “elbow room” on the handle side of out-swing doors. The landing for in-swinging doors must be 58 by 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as wheelchair users who need to walk backwards in the doorway.
Install a level landing when changing the direction of the ramp, to avoid wheelchairs from having to slam their brakes into corners. A level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp away from the way if necessary to allow lawnmowers or other equipment can slide under it.
Materials
aluminium wheelchair ramp, wood, or concrete can be used to build ramps for wheelchairs. A professional ramp installer can help you select the most suitable option for your office or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it’s important to take into account your budget and the specific requirements. The ramp should be easy to maintain and should be safe for use. Some cities require that the ramp be paved with an anti-slip surface.
Before you purchase any materials or begin construction, make sure you have the necessary permits from your local authority and that you comply with all building codes within your area. Making use of the wrong materials or construction methods can lead to dangerous conditions for mobile Wheelchair ramps, www.Longisland.com, users. You can get the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at your local building department office or library, or on the internet.
Wood ramps are often the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, but they require more care than other alternatives. Wood ramps need to be maintained regularly using sealers to prevent the onset of rot. Wood can split, which can be especially hazardous for people in wheelchairs. Wood ramps also require additional support to maintain the structure.
Concrete ramps can be costly however they are durable and last for a long time. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to install them and can make it difficult to move the ramp when no longer needed. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.
Aluminum ramps are lighter than steel or concrete however they offer the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than iron and steel which makes them a great option for people on a tight budget. Aluminum is eco-friendly because it is found in the Earth’s crust naturally and can be recycled.
The ramp’s upper landing needs to be in a level area or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door, allowing wheelchairs with smaller wheels to go over the ramp without getting stuck. Ramps with a gap higher than this conform to ADA standards. You should also make sure that the ramp is smooth transitioning from the upper landing to the ground surface. The last section of the ramp should have an angled transition to prevent the abrupt stop of wheelchairs when they exit or enter a dwelling.
Installation
A ramp for wheelchairs is a plane inclined that can be installed as an alternative or in addition to steps. It allows wheelchair users, and those who use carts or strollers to reach areas that would otherwise be difficult to access.
There are a variety of factors to consider when choosing a ramp for a wheelchair that should be considered, including the location, height and cost. The ramp should be placed closest to the door in order to avoid unnecessary traveling. It should also be placed at an angle that is easy to navigate by the person using it. It should also be properly fixed to the ground and clear of obstructions like trees or parked cars.
ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must are equipped with handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36″ apart and have smooth or rounded gripping surface. In addition, they must be affixed to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches beyond the ramp’s edge. Handrails must be continuous when the ramp is designed with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout.
The length of a ramp varies on the incline, however there are a few common ramp types that can be used in most situations. A threshold ramp, for instance is a ramp that is flush with the curb’s lip or the threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are however are able to be moved to a different place and come in different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps may also be constructed on-site. They are typically used for commercial or public areas and are typically longer than the threshold and portable ramps.
Consult with your city’s building department to determine the need for a permit for an enduring ramp. It’s recommended to speak with a mobility specialist to find out what type of ramp is best suited to your requirements and the space you have. In some instances, installing an ongoing ramp could boost the value of your home.
Maintenance
It is essential to keep your ramp for wheelchairs in good condition especially if it will be used regularly. You’ll need to perform regular inspections, and fix any structural issues that arise. This will help ensure the ramp is compliant with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.
Regularly cleaning wooden ramps is necessary to remove dirt and debris that may hinder access. Keep the ramp spotless to stop moisture from accumulating under the surface. This can lead to rot. Wood preservatives and stains only work when the ramp is clean before application.
Wheelchair ramps can be more difficult to maintain than other types of ramps, since they are more susceptible to wear and tear. It is crucial to have the right tools. A good set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers is essential for making sure all fixings are tight and secure. It’s also worth regularly inspecting the handrails to make sure they are in good shape and are free of corrosion or damage. With time and repeated use, it’s not uncommon that some fittings or bolts that hold the handrails to come loose. This could pose an unsafe situation for anyone who is using the ramp.
Another important aspect is to ensure the ramp’s surface is grippy, especially in winter, when conditions can be challenging. You’ll need to clean away any leaves, dirt and other debris that can block the surface and cause slippage. Additionally, you’ll need to apply an ice melt that is not corrosive to the ramp’s surface prior to winter arrives to avoid slips and causing injury.
If you’re planning on using your ramp all winter, consider investing in wheels for traction, or “snow tires” for your wheelchair. These are specifically designed to aid in tracking on uneven surfaces and snow and are therefore more effective than standard wheelchair tires at helping you stay on the ramp. Alternatively, you can place heating pads or tape along the ramp surface to help melt ice and snow before it accumulates.
